hello; good day; good afternoon
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
Kokin Wakashū (Heian period collection of poetry)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
preface; foreword; introduction
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
introduction; presentation; referral; listing
skillful tanka poet; official in charge of court poetry and music (ritsuryo period); poet
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
six immortals of poetry; six notable Japanese poets whose poems were included in the anthology Kokin Wakashū
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
Monk Kisen (Heian period poet)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to speak frankly; to put things bluntly
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to praise; to commend; to compliment; to speak well of; to speak highly of
in that way; thus; so; so?
nth year in the Shōwa era (1926.12.25-1989.1.7)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
number one; first; best; most; game; round
to be ready; to be prepared; to be in order; to be put in order; to be adjusted; to be regulated
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen