indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
price; cost; value; worth; value
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
official; formal; formula (e.g. mathematical); official (social media) account (of a company, organization, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
to draw (conclusion); to deduce; to derive
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
this is why; this means; it is the case that
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yikes!; eek!; ook; eek; customer
(powers of) concentration; ability to concentrate
vague; desultory; distracted; loose; half-hearted; diffuse
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
appearing that; seeming that; looking like; having the appearance of
to play (a stringed or keyboard instrument)
there in body, but not in spirit; distracted; in one ear and out the other
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
composition; piece of music; tune; melody; enjoyment; fun
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
(some) more; even more; longer; further
showy; loud; gay; flashy; gaudy
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
major; large; the Major Leagues; Major League Baseball; major (key, scale, etc.); (oil) major
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed