indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
father (esp. used in samurai families prior to the Meiji period)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
one eye; one of one's eyes
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to inherit; to succeed; to take over
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
perhaps; possibly; maybe; if; in case; in the event that
(vengeful) ghost; specter; spectre
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to grow up; to become an adult; to become big; to grow in size
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
too; also; still; as before; even so; either way
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
monster cat; cat with magical powers
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
bustling; busy; crowded; lively (party, voices, etc.); loud; noisy
to be discouraged; to be disheartened
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
no sooner than; as soon as; immediately after; at the thought of; when I think about
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
formal; strict; ceremonious; stiff
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
to relax one's mind; to feel relaxed; to become remiss; to cease paying careful attention
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for