opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
to get back; to regain; to recover; to make up (for); to catch up on
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
to herd; to drive; to corner; to force someone into doing; to go hard; to push yourself
adds force or indicates command
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to insert; to put between; to tuck (e.g. fabric into a gap)
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); still; all the same; even ... (e.g. "even a genius")
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the number of people; many people; a large number of people; (counted as an) adult
to keep company; to listen to; to associate with; to play against (e.g. a team); to take on (e.g. a rival)
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
spare time; free time; time (e.g. time it takes to do something); time off; day off; quitting (one's job); firing someone
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
harvest; crop; ingathering; fruits (of one's labors); gain; result
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway