pulp fiction; dime novel; akahon; university entrance exam workbook (published by Kyōgakusha); storybook (with red cover, Edo period); Red Guide (Michelin)
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
reality; actuality; hard fact
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
unnecessary; not needed; not necessary
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to subsist; to keep on living
failing mark (e.g. in exam)
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
repeating a year (at school); staying in the same class for another year
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
dot; spot; mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; point (in a game); score; point (in geometry)
national language; Japanese language (often as a school subject in Japan); native Japanese words (as opposed to loanwords)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
ancient writing (i.e. Edo-period or older); classical literature; ancient Chinese character (pre-Qin period)
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
passing (a test, examination, etc.); pass (for admission, transport, etc.); ticket; pass (of a ball); (giving something a) pass; skipping (one's turn)
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
alright; all right; right on; looking good; OK; okay
what; so-and-so; such and such; what?; wait; well, well
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
inflecting dependent word (in Japanese); bound auxiliary; auxiliary verb (in languages other than Japanese)
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to take lessons in; to be taught; to learn (from a teacher); to study (under a teacher); to get training in
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
extent; scope; sphere; range; span
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish