one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Indian summer (around November); mild late autumn weather; mild late fall weather
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
article; item; quality; flirtatiousness; coquetry
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
wood; woods; forest; bunch (of something); cluster; line
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
reverse; opposite; converse (of a hypothesis, etc.); inverse (function)
the Trinity; three parts; three components; three factors
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
eaves; narrow aisle surrounding the core of a temple building
politics; government; peace; (arch.) medical treatment; (arch.) cure
ghee (held to be the greatest of all flavours); (fig.) the ultimate truth of Buddhism; (fig.) nirvana
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to face; to go towards; to head towards
moving houses (of a nobleman, emperor, etc.); taking out a mikoshi (for a festival, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
something; what; why; how
(religious) faith; belief; creed
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
justice; right; righteousness; correct meaning; correct explanation
doubt; skepticism; scepticism; disbelief
sleeve; wing (of a stage, desk, gate, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to line up; to put in a row; to add (to a group); to accept (as a member of an organization, etc.); to link; to put together
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
originally; primarily; essentially; intrinsically; proper; rightful
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
to find out; to discover; to select; to pick out; to look out (from the inside); to be wide-eyed (in surprise, anger, etc.)
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
reaching; attaining; arrival
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
order; sequence; procedure
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to become inverted; to become reversed
substance; real form; main part; main unit; this machine; this appliance; object of worship (at a shrine, temple, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
flanking image (e.g. in a Buddha triad)