action of making something; -ification
expectation; anticipation; prediction; forecast; conjecture
establishment; opening; setting up; inauguration
to approach; to draw near; to be imminent; to press (someone for something); to urge; to compel
in an instant; in a moment; immediately; suddenly; all of a sudden; all at once
(social) class; rank; grade
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
head (of a household); proprietor (of a store); one's husband; (one's) employer; (one's) master; host
family or person with samurai ancestors
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
the same; the said; likewise
(social) position; status
opening; aperture (e.g. camera); opening one's mouth; beginning to speak; open; broad
competing; competition; auction
naginata; polearm with a curved single-edged blade (similar to a glaive); naginata; martial art of wielding the naginata
to lay down; to wear (a sword, etc.) at one's side
state; condition; circumstances; sight; spectacle
lower reaches (of a river); bottom; lower part; lower half (of the body, esp. the privates); feces (faeces); end
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
obi; kimono sash; paper wrapper on books, CDs, etc.; band; belt; cingulum
standing; reserve; always having ready
(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
police officer; policeman; constable
shod feet; wearing shoes; muddy feet; dirty feet
trampling down; overrunning; infringement; violation
early Japanese Christianity (from the later Muromachi period); early Japanese Christian
cross (for crucifixion); the Cross (of Christ)
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (somebody's) side
kneeling down (to pray); going down on one's knees
disposal; abandonment; scrapping; annulment; cancellation; abrogation
even; (if) only; just; besides; on top of that
to tear; to rip up; to cut up; to cleave; to forcibly separate (e.g. two lovers); to spare (time, money, etc.)
tariff (import tax); duty; customs
total abolition; full phase-out; total repeal
expel the barbarians; expulsion of the foreigners; late Edo period (19th century) revolutionary slogan
coat; tunic; jacket; outer garment
within the borders of a country; domestic soil; inland; interior; Japan proper (as opposed to its overseas colonies); homeland
living together; mixed residence; sharing living quarters; multi-tenant; community
how much; how many; what amount; what extent