beginning; outset; first; onset
to precede; to forestall; to anticipate
eager; earnest; ardent; OFF (on switch)
dispersal; scattering; discrete
stopping; corking; capping; disconnecting (e.g. gas supply)
on the occasion of; circumstances; juncture
focusing on; paying attention to; observation; perception; taking notice of
young person; youth; young
fineness or purity (of gold)
little less than; slightly fewer than; just under; weakness; the weak
strategist; tactician; schemer
to lose (a chance); to miss (a chance); to overlook; to omit; to deviate
to take the initiative; to forestall; to beat to the punch
to replace; to move; to change the position of
achievement; meritorious deed; distinguished service; contribution
colonization; colonisation
use; adoption; acceptance; appointment; employment; engagement
good citizens; law-abiding people
door (esp. Japanese-style); shutter; window shutter; (arch.) entrance (to a home); (arch.) narrows
unit; denomination; credit (in school); in units of (e.g. "in thousands"); in amounts of
farming; agriculture; cultivation
encouragement; promotion; inducement; incitement; stimulation
industry; (arch.) livelihood; (arch.) occupation
the five grains (wheat, rice, beans, millet (awa and kibi))
1,000,000; one million; million; many
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
activity; briskness; prosperity
in this manner; in this way; like this
economy; economics; finance; (one's) finances; being economical; economy
grand; magnificent; lavish; forceful; powerful; vigorous
day by day; every day; by the day
transition; change; progress; passing (of time)
to torment; to pain; to inflict (physical) pain; to harass; to cause (emotional) pain; to afflict