indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
evening; night; dinner; evening meal; counter for nights
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to work (someone) hard; to push (someone) around
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
cheap; inexpensive; calm; peaceful; quiet
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
currently popular; in fashion; trendy
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
business that exploits its employees (e.g. through unpaid overtime)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
black; black (coffee); without cream or milk; exploitative (esp. of employees); overly harsh; boldface
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
pink; erotic (usually used in relation to the sex industry); blue; pornographic
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
house; one's house; one's home; one's family
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
now; the present time; just now; another; more
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
these days; nowadays; present day; at this time (of the day)
(Japanese) feature phone; traditional Japanese-style cell phone (in contrast to smart phones)
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
honorific/polite/humble prefix