what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study
aroma; fragrance; scent; smell
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
company; corporation; workplace
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to disclose; to divulge; to expose; to open (a grave); to dig out
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to try and do something; to attempt to do something
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
door (Western-style, car, etc.)
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
company president; manager; director
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
to vomit; to throw up; to emit; to send forth; to give (an opinion); to make (a comment)
consciousness; becoming aware (of); awareness; mano-vijnana (mental consciousness, cognizer of sensory information)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
dim; hazy; vague; indistinct; faint; fuzzy
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me