today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
pupil; disciple; adherent; follower; apprentice; young person
in this way; thus; such; uh...
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
running about; making every effort; being busily engaged (in something); good offices
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
reason; cause; circumstances
field; plain; prairie; tundra; moor; wilderness
feudal domain (Edo and early Meiji periods, precursor to current prefectures); fiefdom; province
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
genius; prodigy; natural gift
chance; opportunity; machine; aircraft; counter for aircraft; counter for (remaining) lives
argument; discussion; theory (e.g. of evolution); doctrine; essay; treatise
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
should; must; -able; probably; likely
admiration; being impressed (by)
heat; fever; temperature; zeal; passion
feudal retainer or warrior
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
adds force or indicates command
container; receptacle; case; inserting; putting in
ago; since; before; previous
Nagasaki (city, prefecture)
to study (in depth); to learn; to take lessons in
(those) who are; (that) which is; in the capacity of
indeed; really; absolutely; truly; actually; very
superior; excellent; brilliant; outstanding
expel the barbarians; expulsion of the foreigners; late Edo period (19th century) revolutionary slogan
opportunity; chance; good time (to do); trend; tendency; momentum
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
to withdraw from (a deal); to wash one's hands of; to lead by the hand
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
wasteful; a waste; too good; more than one deserves; impious; profane
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
request; favour (to ask); wish; please