Japan and the United States; Japanese-American
negotiations; discussions; connection
number; edition; sobriquet; pen-name; size (of printing types, canvases, knitting needles, etc.); suffix attached to names of ships, trains, airplanes, etc.
to make an appearance; to show up
the Japanese; Japanese side; Japanese delegation; Japanese representatives
intimidating air; sense of intimidation
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
predominance; superiority; ascendancy; advantage; supremacy
to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate
ulterior motive; plot; scheme; complicated circumstances; intricacies
official letter (from the Emperor, Prime Minister, etc.); personal message; handwritten letter; autograph letter
to receive; to get; to accept; to take; to interpret; to understand
to refuse; to reject; to decline; to prevent (from doing); to deny (e.g. access); to block
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
landing; going ashore; disembarkation; making landfall (of a typhoon); striking land; hitting land
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to provide against contingencies; to prepare for the worst
whole area; whole region; stretch (of land); tract; belt
protection; defense; providence; amulet; charm
to harden; to freeze; to put together; to collect; to make secure; to stabilize; to fortify
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
haste; hurry; expedition; speed; dispatch
daimyo (Japanese feudal lord)
to meet (the enemy) and attack; to engage (the approaching enemy); to confront; to intercept
helmet (of a warrior); headpiece
to collect; to gather; to arrange; to put in order; to make uniform; to make even
nearby (one's seat); (by) one's side; Dear (Mr./Mrs.)
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
disposal; throwing away; dealing with (a problem); measure; punishment; penalty
how; in what way; by what means
to prick; to stab; to poke; to prod; to use (a cane); to prop oneself up with
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
temple bell; hanging bell; funeral bell
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
Nagasaki (city, prefecture)
insult; affront; slight; contempt (e.g. of court)
to consider as; to regard (as equivalent); to deem (as); to equate
side (of something, or taking someone's side); part; (watch) case
gradually; by degrees; little by little; steps; stairs; staircase
to be irritated; to get annoyed; to lose one's patience
to pile up; to stack; to load (car, ship, etc.); to pack; to acquire; to accumulate
to sink; to go under; to go down (e.g. sun); to set; to feel depressed; to become subdued