please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
(a) little; somewhat; somehow
box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to make fun of; to look down on; to make light of
China; Chūgoku region (western part of Honshu comprising the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Tottori and Shimane); central part of a country; main region; province of the second lowest rank (ritsuryo system)
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
strategist; tactician; schemer
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
blue dragon (an auspicious creature in Chinese mythology); Azure Dragon (god said to rule over the eastern heavens)
sword (esp. Japanese single-edged); katana; scalpel; chisel; burin; knife money (knife-shaped commodity money used in ancient China)
snake; serpent; large snake
long-handled Chinese spear; lance; weapon; arms; grip of a bow; parade float decorated with long-handled Chinese spears
crotch; crutch; groin; fork (in a tree, road, river, etc.); tines (of a fork)
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
three (long cylindrical things); three-of-a-kind (in a dealt hand)
weapon; arms; ordnance; weapon (something used to gain an advantage); asset
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to forge; to temper; to drill; to train; to discipline
to ask; to inquire; to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to care about; to regard as important
those (near the second person)
three countries; Three Kingdoms (in China, 220 CE-280 CE); Three Kingdoms (in Korea, 57 BCE-668 CE); (arch.) Japan, China and India; (arch.) Japan, Korea and China
supremacy (over a nation); hegemony; domination; championship; victory
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
1,000,000; one million; million; many
military forces; hosts; troops
to mow down; to cut down; to knock down; to defeat; to beat
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
tradition; legend; folklore
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point