exchange (e.g. cultural); interchange; interaction; alternating current; AC
scaffold; scaffolding; foothold; footing; foothold (e.g. in business); foundation
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
common; shared; to be common (to); to be shared (by); -wide
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
state (of affairs); condition; developments; movements
to feel around for; to fumble for; to investigate; to probe into; to explore (parts unknown); to enjoy (natural beauty)
belonging to (a group, organization, etc.); affiliation (with); being attached to; being under the control of
military vessel; war fleet
camouflage; disguise; pretense; feigning; masquerade
passing through (a tunnel, station, town, etc.); passing by (e.g. of a typhoon); passage (of a bill, e.g. through parliament); carriage; passing (an examination, inspection, etc.); clearing
information; news; intelligence; information; data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.
First World War (1914-1918); World War I; WWI; WW1
warring nations; belligerents
Osaka (city); (arch.) large hill
blank form; sheets of paper; sheet of paper
the East; the Orient; (East) Asia; Japan
papermaking; paper manufacture
company; corporation; workplace
to vitalize (e.g. an industry); to invigorate; to energize; to establish (e.g. a company); to build up; to set up
First World War (1914-1918); World War I; WWI; WW1
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
to enter into diplomatic relations
at once; immediately; without delay; promptly
association; society; organization; organisation
to start (something); to start up; to boot (a computer); to launch (a business)
assumption (of office); taking up (a post); inauguration; installation
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
Kansai; region consisting of Osaka, Kobe, Kyoto and surrounding prefectures; Kansai; south-western half of Japan (during the feudal era)
business world; business circles
family business; family trade; one's occupation; one's trade
pupil; disciple; adherent; follower; apprentice; young person
appeal; entreaty; request
natural span of life; 250 years old
to accomplish; to fulfill; to carry out
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding