called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
living thing; living creature; animal; life
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
malicious; ill-tempered; unkind
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
hypothesis; supposition; assumption; tentative theory
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
plausible; believable; solemn; dignified; serious
truth; reality; truly; really; absolute truth
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
few; a little; scarce; insufficient; seldom
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
in that way; thus; so; so?
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to hate; to dislike; to loathe
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
ordinary; sensible; commonplace
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
to touch; to come in contact with; to receive (e.g. visitor); to attend to; to receive (news); to get; to encounter
had better ...; had better not ...
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)