this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
book; volume; this; present; main; head
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
writing vertically; vertical writing
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to see; to look; to watch; to try to
model (of machine, device); model of aircraft; type of aircraft
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indication; expression; display; displaying; representation; (copyright) attribution
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
difference; variation; difference
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
bigleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla); French hydrangea
story; tale; talk; discussion
library; book collection; paperback book
lover; sweetheart; boyfriend; girlfriend
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
easy; simple; there's no way that ...
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
means of deceiving another
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
to return; to come back; to turn over; to become extremely; to become completely
completely ordinary; plain; commonplace; everyday
senior high school; high school
annual (plant); first-year student
child (esp. a boy); viscount; founder of a school of thought (esp. Confucius); master; masters and philosophers (categorization of Chinese classical literature); (arch.) you; -er (i.e. man who spends all his time doing...)
chair; stool; post; office; position
to sit; to squat; to assume (a position); to hold steady; to hold still
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
to wait for a favorable chance; to wait for a favourable chance
out-of-place; inappropriate; sticking out like a sore thumb
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
extreme; excessive; terrible; intense; severe; serious
surroundings; environs; circumference
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to look out over; to survey (scene); to take an extensive view of
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
glittering; sparkling; glistening; twinkling