the end; the extremity; the limit; the limits; the result
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
deep pool; deep water; abyss; depths (e.g. of despair, etc.); grip (e.g. of death)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
side (esp. of a waterbody); edge; bank; shore
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn one's face; to turn around; to look over one's shoulder
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to let leak; to let out (e.g. light); to let out (a secret); to leak (information); to give utterance to (e.g. one's dissatisfaction); to vent; to wet one's pants
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
even; (if) only; just; besides; on top of that
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
boy; juvenile; young boy; youth; lad
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to rock; to shake; to swing
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)
grandfather; old man; kyogen mask used for the role of an old man
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
neighbourhood; neighborhood
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
piece(s) of firewood (esp. chopped or split from logs); kindling (twigs, branches, etc.); firewood
to pick up; to find; to gather
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
receiving; reception; eating; drinking; please; please do for me
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
just now; a little while back; a short time ago
to accompany; to follow; to keep up with
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to refuse; to reject; to inform; to give notice; to ask leave; to excuse oneself (from)