this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.); opus; performance; production
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
reality; actuality; practice (as opposed to theory); truly; really; bhutakoti (limit of reality)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
person; character; one's character; one's personality; able person; talented person
group; party; team; organization; organisation; association
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
all; everything; entirety; absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
discussion; talk; tête-à-tête; conference
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
parallel lines; remaining far apart (e.g. in discussions); not reaching an agreement
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
in the meanwhile; during the time
meeting (face-to-face); seeing; visit; interview
percussion; tapping; examining by percussion; sounding out (someone's intentions); making an approach (about)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
your Highness; his Highness; her Highness
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
letter; missive; note; mail
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
in that way; thus; so; so?
declaration; proclamation; announcement