continent; continental Asia (esp. mainland China); continental Europe
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
legendary beast; magical beast
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
popular name; common name; given name
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
steep peak; steep ridge; high rugged mountain
mountainous region; mountainous district; hilly district
by means of; due to; because of; according to
east and west; Orient and Occident; East and West; ladies and gentlemen!; your attention, please!
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to divide; to separate; to share; to distribute; to distinguish
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to build up; to complete; to construct; to make up; to fabricate; to invent
many; a lot; much; multitude
to clamour; to crowd; to jostle
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to live; to reside; to inhabit
people; men and women; each person; everybody
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
pretext; history; past; according to ...; ... says
western direction; Western Pure Land (Amitabha's Buddhist paradise); western fighter in a match (e.g. sumo)
various countries; various regions; various provinces
about; roughly; generally; on the whole; completely; quite
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
majority; more than half; most (of); mostly; largely; mainly
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
exactly; surely; right then; just then; just (about to); on the verge (of doing or happening)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to point; to nominate; to select someone; to identify; to indicate; to play (a game of shogi)
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to trace back to (the origins of something)