moment; instant; kshana; duration of a single mental event (about 1/75 second); shortest possible interval of time
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
true character; true form; true colors (colours); consciousness; one's senses
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
by the way; incidentally; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
perhaps; likely; probably; I dare say
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
establishing; proving; ascertaining; identifying; confirming
mutually; with each other; reciprocally; together; both
information; news; intelligence; information; data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.
advantage; benefit; profit; interest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
sleeping during the day; (afternoon) nap; siesta
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
lazybones; good-for-nothing; idler; slacker; loafer
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
village headman; village mayor
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
attraction; lure; invitation
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
assistant; associate; duplicate; copy; adverb
unthinkable; unexpected; absolutely not!; far from it!; (it was) no bother at all; not at all
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to begin to say; to start talking; to broach (a matter); to be the first to say; to suggest (doing); to propose
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage